Anatomy And Physiology Teacher At High School - 981 Words

a) Upper level education I had anatomy and physiology teacher in high school that made a pretty good impression on me. I had good grades in that subject so he appreciated me, and gave me the opportunity to work in the summer as an orderly in the hospital. Cleaning instruments for surgery and things and cleaning the operating room. I think in the back of my minded, without me knowing, I wanted to be a surgeon eventually. I went straight from that school to medical school, I had to take a pretty serious examination to enter medical school. When you pass it you are admitted to medical school, and I did. So it was a six-year medical school its not like here where its four years. Over there its longer so you sort of don’t have to go four years for college. It was difficult times; it was not easy. I remember some stuff that was kind of rough, but I put in effort and I eventually succeeded. I did it in six years and then one year of internship before I came to the United States. I knew all along what I wanted to be. From my experiences in the operating room I knew I wanted to be a surgeon. I knew when I decided I wanted to be a surgeon that I wanted to be trained in the US. The idea was to eventually go back to Argentina and work there, but things happened and I decided, Betty and I decided, that we were going to stay in the US. We liked Des Moines a lot, and after I finished my internship here in surgical residency we decided to stay and work here in Des Moines, Iowa. We haveShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Education1067 Words   |  5 Pagesjunior year of high school, I decided to take an Anatomy and Physiology course. I heard that the course was difficult, but the teacher, Doctor Defina, was exceptional. At the time, I intended on becoming a pediatric physical therapist so it only made sense to take the course. I wanted to become familiar with the topic so I would be better prepared when I took a college course. However, the summer before junior year s tarted, I opened my schedule on my computer. I was delighted to see Anatomy and PhysiologyRead MoreHigh Graduation Rate Is The Best Fit For Me1430 Words   |  6 Pagesstep I need to engage in, is finding graduate schools in North Carolina that will be the best fit for me. There are currently four fully accredited occupational therapy programs in North Carolina. Although I am not picky about the city the school is in, I would like for the school to be surrounding a larger population. I believe there will be more job opportunities in bigger cities that will allow me to advance in my career. The school needs to have a high graduation rate, and upon completion of theRead MoreBenefits Of Becoming A Nurse Essay1728 Words   |  7 Pagessome specific prerequisites to take: basically, Anatomy and Physiology â…   and â… ¡, microbiology, and chemistry. 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Then there are people thatRead MoreHow I Handle Stressful Situations1329 Words   |  6 Pagesgrade year my parents got a divorce. Soon after that my father kicked me out of his house and was forced to a new school. I turned the negative into a positive, I got out of a helper class put into a normal class, they even wanted me to be in the Advanced classes for the following year, but I had already moved. Freshman and Sophomore year me and my Biology and Anatomy Physiology teacher could not see eye to eye. How she taught was the problem and I even asked her after class what she was saying andRead MoreSex Education : A Part Of American Culture1566 Words   |  7 Pagesin US public schools has been a debatable issue for a minority of people (Shindel Parish, 2013). Healthcare workers insist that with a rise in sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies among teenagers, sex education is desperately needed in school. 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The Astonishing Life of Gabriela Mistral - 784 Words

Known for her passionate words, outstanding leadership, and personal touch to each work, Gabriela Mistral is one of the most famous and respected World Poets of her time. Her success is measured not only through her incredible works of poetry, but also her leadership as a woman in Latin America. By the end of her life, Mistral was a part of the United Nations, Chilean Government, received the Nobel Prize in Literature, and played a key role in reshaping schools and libraries in Mexico. She is most known for her love for children and the intense passion she pours into her works. Her constant love and passion for both education and writing is admirable and sets a tremendous example for young writers even today. Mistral was born into a family of educators in Chile on April 7, 1889. Her father, a local teacher, abandoned her family when she was three-years-old, thus she was primarily raised by her mother, Petrolina Alcayaga de Molina. Mistral’s birth name is actually Lucila Godoy Alcayaga; however, when she began writing, she chose the pen name of â€Å"Gabriela Mistral† which means Mediterranean Wind. In her early life, Mistral was expelled from secondary school for Paegan ideas and then attended the Pedagogical College in Santiago. Directly after college, Mistral began her teaching career as a teacher’s assistant for pre-school (Howard 457-461). Working her way up the educational totem pole, Mistral received her teaching certification in 1910 and eventually taught secondary

Death Penalty in the State of Kansas Free Essays

The Death Penalty issue has been a grave controversy especially in our contemporary society, not only in U.S. but also in Europe. We will write a custom essay sample on Death Penalty in the State of Kansas or any similar topic only for you Order Now    Unfortunately, resolving the issue is very difficult due to the complexity of the judicial system in the U.S.   State judicial systems must deal with the constitutionality of the state laws as well as their proper applic.   In addition, popular opinion is also a powerful force that may bring about changes on either whether death penalty exists at all or what weight death penalty should have versus life imprisonment without parole. These opinions may be based on religious beliefs, on human rights, on the magnitude of violence of the crimes committed, and the popular need to feel safe from violent assaults, non-homicidal and homicidal rapists, as well as violent homicidal offenders.   Other questions remain: what is the value of deterrence of the death penalty type of sentence?   What is the cost of inmates on death row?   Inmates stay on death row for a while, mainly because most of the times, they are appealing their sentence or waiting for a pardon from the state governor or even the President.   Since Kansas has reestablished the death penalty, these concerns have been of primary interest to the Kansas judicial system and the state residents. Twenty-nine years after the last execution, the state of Kansas reestablished the death penalty sentence in 1994, under SB (Senate Bill) 473 and HB (House Bill) 2578.   SB 473 states that the death penalty is restored in Kansas for first degree murders whereas HB 2578 simply authorizes the death penalty to be reenacted.   Interestingly, in an annual survey of college students across the U.S., students were asked whether they were in favor of death penalty.   In 1969, this survey reported 54% of the students in favor of the abolition of the death sentence, in 1985, it was down to 27%, in 1989 21%, and in 1995 20%. (Bedau, 85) The percentage in 1995 was the lowest and seemed to reflect a trend in young people’s general acceptance of death penalty; remember that Kansas reenacted the sentence in 1994!   Is it a coincidence?   Evidently, popular demands and trends are taken into account in state legislatures; that is the principle of democracy.   The Gallup News service reported on June 1st 2006 that back in 1994, 65% of the entire population of the U.S. favored life without parole whereas in 2006, 80% favored life without parole. Further, they also reported that in 2006, 47% were for the death penalty while 48% were for life without parole. (Newport, Gallup)   Consequently, based on these data, the attitude the American people has gradually changed to favoring life without parole with a 50/50 division over the choice between life without parole and death penalty.   The examination here is that the legality of death penalty is always measured against contemporary standards of morality.   Therefore, the trend that has been observed in the past few years shows that more and more people do not support the death penalty, illustrating a change of views.   (Bedau, 90) Kansas law allows for death penalty but also for life without parole.   According to the 2005 Kansas Death Penalty Guide, the exact description of the crimes punishable by death in Kansas is given in the KSA 21-3439 reenactment as capital murder with 8 aggravating circumstances.   Death is given by lethal injection.   For a life sentence in Kansas, persons who are guilty of capital murder will be jailed for 25-50 years.   The sentence must be served entirely before the individual can be eligible for parole.   There is no good behavior credit. (Kansas, 1) Carlson and Garrett (Carlson, Garrett, 5) give the 3 major sanctions available in the U.S. judicial system, economic penalties, probation, and incarceration, as well as the 4 primary goals of incarceration, deterrence, incapacitation, retribution, and rehabilitation.   The following remarks summarize briefly the position of supporters or opponents of death penalty, respectively.   The death penalty sentence is viewed as a way to deter other criminals from committing crimes, incapacitating the criminal on death row who will pay a retribution for his crimes by his or her death. If someone is on death row, there is a feeling that he or she will not be able to be rehabilitated.   As for life without parole, the long-term incarceration will serve as deterrent for the criminal and others outside; it will incapacitate the criminal while the long sentence without any credit is considered a retribution for the crime.   In this case, there is a feeling that the criminal will be able to be rehabilitated if he or she lives longer than the sentence. (Bedau, 127) This is the basic controversy of death versus life imprisonment. For any death penalty case, that includes Kansas, there is a diversity of factors to be considered to decide whether or not capital cases are pursued.   There are factors that differ for every case, for every state, for every crime committed, and for every inmate whose past may not have been exemplary. (Cassell, Bedau, 118)   In addition, jurors and prosecutors must be sure that death penalty can be applied in the case they are working on. However, the decision process for any juror is still subjective because his or her decision is still dependent upon the strength of the prosecution’s arguments as well as evidence, the degree of certainty that the person is not innocent, the legal defense’s arguments and evidence if any, and the crime committed against the victim and the family.   The judge must follow the case tightly and apply the law in a correct fashion.   However, the interpretation of the law can also be subjective.   Each capital case trial is very hard to go through because it entails numerous problems that can take time to sort out with respect to state laws versus the U.S. Constitution. (Bedau, 183) Interpretation of the law in Kansas has been a source of contentions among supporters for sentencing to death, opponents, and the judicial system.   The main debate is centered on the constitutionality of death penalty and the interpretation of the Constitution.   To concretely illustrate the dispute and its complexity, the case of Kansas vs. Marsh needs to be considered.   The case is the following.   In 1996, Michael Marsh broke into the home of a family with a 19 month-old baby. His goal was to get money to take a trip to Alaska by kidnapping the mother and the child in order to ask for a ransom from the husband and father.   Unfortunately, events turned awful when Marsh panicked, killing the mother by shooting her 3 times in the head, stabbing her twice, and doused her with lighter fluid.   He then set the body on fire, ran away, leaving the baby inside to burn to death.   The mother survived for 6 days in the hospital and died of multiple organ failures.   Marsh was charged with capital murder, first-degree premeditated murder, aggravated arson, and aggravated burglary. A Kansas jury found him guilty on all counts and sentenced him to death for the capital murder of the child.   Marsh appealed his sentence to the Kansas Supreme Court.   The Court found that the Kansas death penalty statute was in fact unconstitutional because in Kansas, there is no â€Å"fundamental fairness† rule.   What this means is that if a criminal is sentenced to death while the aggravating factors of the prosecution equal the mitigating factors of the defense, then by fundamental fairness, the death sentence is nullified.   However, in Kansas, the fundamental fairness rule does not exist. In Marsh’s case, the aggravating factors equaled the mitigating factors as determined by the jury and caused the verdict to stand, based on the jury instructions from the Kansas statute,.   So, the basic question is: is the Kansas death penalty statute upheld when aggravating factors equal mitigating factors and if it is upheld, is it a violation of the Constitution?   The State of Kansas took the case to the U.S Supreme Court in December 1995.   The Supreme Court determined that the statute permits death sentences in the event of a tie between aggravating and mitigating factors. (Mandery, 124) However, the key lies with who has the final burden of proof for outweighing the factors. As a comparison, when there is tie, the death penalty statute in Arizona allows the defendant to reply that the mitigating factors outweigh the aggravating ones and prove it against the prosecution aggravating proof.   In Kansas, the burden is still on the prosecution without any additional actions from the defendant.   Since the prosecution did not prove the mitigating factors outweighed the aggravating factors, the death sentence was overturned.   Justice Souter commented on what he called the â€Å"morally absurd† Kansas death penalty statute that permits a death sentence even if the prosecution has failed to prove that the aggravating factors outweigh the mitigating factors, accusing Kansas law to increase the incidence of death penalty sentences. Justice Scalia wrote a document on his opinion of the case.   Dealing with Justice Souter’s comments, he shamed Souter’s view as regarding the death penalty as â€Å"an undesirable situation.†Ã‚   Additionally, he also pointed out that, even if some of his colleagues disagree with the idea of a death penalty, 38 states do impose the penalty while scrutinizing the verdicts for wrongful executions, implying that death penalty sentences are properly assigned.   Souter’s point was that death penalty is serious enough that it should be reviewed. (Campbell, Star-Telegram) As one can see in the above case, many steps had to be completed to get to the final decision.   So, a very safe assumption is that this trial and associated inmate expenses must have been very high.   One of the chief complaints that Kansas opponents of death penalty have, besides moral or religious reasons, is the cost of the procedures.   They claim that death row cases cost a lot more than life without parole cases.   The money that would be saved should be spent on crime prevention. (Bedau, 91)   Gottfried reports that on average $20,000 is spent on life without parole inmates/year, a third less than for capital cases. (Gottfried, 2002) Kansas is not the only state that reestablished death penalty.   However, it was done in 1994, at a time when many Americans supported capital punishment.   It seems true that support or opposition to the death penalty is a reflection of the contemporary morality views of the public.   It does not look like people support it now.   The U.S. Supreme court seems to agree that this type of punishment should be reviewed, revised or completely eliminated based on moral and legal grounds.   Yet, abolishing death penalty in Kansas because it costs too much is not a very serious and moral reason to do it.   The problem really resides in the application of the laws.   Death penalty may be a way to punish violent criminals but nobody knows how to properly justify using it. Works Cited Bedau HA. The Death Penalty in America: Current Controversies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. Newport F. (editor) Gallup News Service. â€Å"Death Penalty†. The Gallup Polls Briefing June 1 2006. â€Å"2005 Kansas Death Penalty Guide† Amnesty International USA Kansas State University, Chapter 254 January 10, 2004: 1. November 18, 2006 Carlson PM, Garrett JS. Prison and Jail Administration: Practice and Theories. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 1999. Chassell PG, Bedau HA. Debating the Death Penalty: Should America Have Capital Punishment?. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. Mandery EJ. Capital Punishment: A Balanced Examination . Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2005. Campbell L. (editor) â€Å"Sounds Like A Sore Winner from Here.† Star-Telegram June 29 2006. Gottfried T. The Death Penalty: Justice or Legalized Murder? Twenty First Century Books, 2002. How to cite Death Penalty in the State of Kansas, Essay examples

Information Management Information Securityâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Differences between Information Management Information Security? Answer: Introduction In today's contemporary era, the business organizations are creating and using the large quantity of information because the information has become one of the most valuable assets for the businesses. Information provides support to the business in carrying out the various functions of the organization as well as helps in making decisions. The organizations are investing in the information technology because it helps to bring economic value. The economic value helps to increase the revenue, productivity as well as competitiveness. Information can play a role of liability or asset for the business organizations (KnowledgeBrief Manage, 2017; Benson Davis, 2008). The information management is a process that relates to the information and provided to the decision makers of the organization in an appropriate or timely manner. Information management includes all the processes and the systems in order to make use of the information in the organization(SFC, 2017). The purpose of management of information is to provide the right information to decision makers at the correct time and place. In order to attain effective information management in the organization, it is essential to pay proper attention for managing the soft knowledge that includes instinctive capabilities, decision making and tactic knowledge(Espejo Watt, 1988). The Issue The issue related to the information management that came up is that the information that is provided for the access may have threats regarding the distribution of information for the unauthorized access that possibly destroys the privacy and the secrecy of the information. Need for Information Management It is essential to management the information for the purpose to maintain the records of all the information regarding the activities or the functions in the organization. The information is the asset of the business organizations that helps the organization to foster growth through the implementation of the information in the business needs. The information provides a base for the development in the organization. It also maintains the flow of functions in the organization. Information is an essential resource for enhancing the performance of the organization as well as the employees of the employees. It allows to share the information regarding the procedures and the progress of the organization as this develops transparency within the organization as well as simplifies the decision making process (Markgraf, 2017; Jefferis, 2015). Information Management Principles The principles of the information management are: Information is a valuable asset that should be managed appropriately. The information should be accessible as well as shared across the organization in order to increase the understanding and the knowledge. The information should be understandable as well as consistent. The information and the data should be secured and protected as from the unauthorized access(SFC, 2017). Information Management and the Information Security The information management function is essential because information is the asset of the organization. The management of the information is one of the crucial elements within the organization. Along with the management of the information there is a need to secure the information of the company(Dearstyne, 2005). The need for security of the information is there in order to diminish the effects of cyber threats. The misuse of the information can destroy the privacy of the information of the company. The reasons behind these threats can be inadequate security technology, outdated security software, lack of encryption, third party entry, technology with weak security, neglecting proper configuration and the social media attacks(Georgetown University, 2017). The objective of the organization behind the security of the information is to ensure continuity of the business as well as to reduce or prevent the damage that impacts the security of the information of the organization. The basic security issues in the organization occurs due to the lack of control within the organization(BSI Group, 2017). Ways to Secure the Information The information can be secured by designing a safe system, using strong passwords, conducting the screening and background checks, providing training to the employees, keeping sensitive data apart from the regular data and regular scanning of the system and the software. The adoption of these methods possibly eliminates the risk to information. The regular analysis of the security of the information is essential. The security of the information is essential to restrict the occurrence of the issues related to the security of the information in the organization(Steinberg, 2011). Conclusion It can be concluded that the information management is an essential function in the organization that should be handled carefully. The information management in the organization includes controlling of the access to the information, establishing the transparency, and understanding of the information as well as the protection of information. The information security is essential to eliminate the risks of distribution or unauthorized access to the information. The security becomes vulnerable to threats because of inappropriate control of the access to information within the organization. The threats can be internal as well external. To secure the information, the organization should adopt the ways to protect the information of the organization. References Benson, V., Davis, K. (2008). Business Information Management. Retrieved 2017, from Bookboon.com: https://promeng.eu/downloads/training-materials/ebooks/business-information-management.pdf BSI Group. (2017). Why is information security needed? Retrieved 2017, from Bsigroup.com: https://shop.bsigroup.com/Browse-By-Subject/ICT/Information-security-standards-and-publications/Why-is-information-security-needed/ Dearstyne, B. W. (2005, July). The Information Enterprise: New Challenges New Dimensions. Retrieved May 13, 2017, from Arma.org: https://www.arma.org/bookstore/files/Dearstyne1.pdf Espejo, R., Watt, J. (1988). Information Management, Organization and Managerial Effectiveness. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 39(1), 7-14. Georgetown University. (2017). Top 10 Threats to Information Security. Retrieved 2017, from https://scsonline.georgetown.edu/programs/masters-technology-management/resources/top-threats-to-information-technology Jefferis, N. (2015, December 3). The need for an Information Management Function. Retrieved May 13, 2017, from Image and Data Manager: https://idm.net.au/article/0010818-need-information-management-function KnowledgeBrief Manage. (2017, May 13). Information Management. Retrieved May 13, 2017, from Kbmanage.com: https://www.kbmanage.com/concept/information-management-im Markgraf, B. (2017). How Is a Management Information System Useful in Companies? Retrieved 2017, from Smallbusiness.chron.com: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/management-information-system-useful-companies-63415.html promeng.eu. (2008). downloads/training-materials/ebooks/business-information-management.pdf. Retrieved 2017, from promeng.eu: https://promeng.eu/downloads/training-materials/ebooks/business-information-management.pdf SFC. (2017). Information Management Framework. Retrieved 2017, from Scottish Funding Council: https://www.sfc.ac.uk/web/FILES/AboutUsOperate/information_management_framework.pdf Steinberg, S. (2011, July 7). 10 Ways to Keep IT Systems Secure. Retrieved 2017, from Entrepreneur.com: https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/219954 thinkspace.csu.edu.au. (2014, May 19). itc540/2014/05/19/swot-analysis-and-report/. Retrieved May 13, 2017, from thinkspace.csu.edu.au: https://thinkspace.csu.edu.au/itc540/2014/05/19/swot-analysis-and-report

A Look at the Pardoner... essays

A Look at the Pardoner... essays A Look at the Pardoner: the Genius of Chaucer The Canterbury Tales is a literary masterpiece in which the brilliant author Geoffrey Chaucer sought out to accomplish various goals. Chaucer wrote his tales during the late 1300s. This puts him right at the beginning of the decline of the Middle Ages. Historically, we know that a middle class was just starting to take shape at this time, due to the emerging commerce industry. Chaucer was able to see the importance and future success of the middle class, and wrote his work with them in mind. Knowing that the middle class was not interested in lofty philosophical literature, Chaucer wrote his work as an extremely comical and entertaining piece that would be more interesting to his audience. Also, Chaucer tried to reach the middle class by writing The Canterbury Tales in English, the language of the middle class rather than French, the language of the educated upper class. The most impressive aspect of Chaucers writing is how he incorporated into his piece some of his own contro versial views of society, but yet kept it very entertaining and light on the surface level. One of the most prevalent of these ideas was his view that certain aspects of the church had become corrupt. This idea sharply contrasted previous Middle Age thought, which excepted the churchs absolute power and goodness unquestionably. He used corrupt church officials in his tales to illustrate to his audience that certain aspects of the church needed to be reformed. The most intriguing of these characters was the Pardoner. Chaucers satirical account of the Pardoner is written in a very matter-of-fact manner that made it even more unsettling with his audience. Chaucer uses his straightforwardness regarding the hypocrisy of the Pardoner, suggestive physiognomy of the character, and an interesting scene at the conclusion of the Pardoners Tale to inculcate his views of the church to his...

Free Essays on Moral and Ethical Value System of Organizations

The purpose of this paper is to determine the consistency of the moral and ethical value systems that guide the practices of organizations that make up the economic fabric of the nation. As scientific advancements and new technologies become readily accessible society experiences the consequences as well as the benefits. Are the decisions of individuals charged with fiscal soundness ethically neutral? What is the impact to society if ethical considerations fail to keep pace with rapid scientific and technological growth? Ultimately, who is responsible? Why Bother With Ethics? Because the society we live in is fundamentally based upon performance and profit, it is necessary to impart a sense of corporate social responsibility in regard to modern commerce. Purpose, principle and consequence are the vehicles of ethics in business. They are fundamental components of any organization’s social performance. Utilizing these components involves incorporating the interests of ethics and morality into the corporate structure. These are essential concepts that may be absent from a managerial standpoint. Corporate social responsibility should exist within every company's infrastructure.(1) However, social integrity is not necessarily something that is at the forefront of modern day business dealings. Ethics, business and society must work together or there is no purpose for any of its’ existence. Unethical practices are what create a climate of contempt and distrust, leading to consumers who harbor animosity. This is no way to run a business. Ethics are a necessary and critical ingredient in any successful enterprise. Establishing such ethical fortitude is not difficult if a moral and conscientious outlook is maintained. Ethical concerns run rampant among various entities, posing questions along the way as to whether a particular practice is considered morally acceptable. Ethics sometimes get in the way of ... Free Essays on Moral and Ethical Value System of Organizations Free Essays on Moral and Ethical Value System of Organizations The purpose of this paper is to determine the consistency of the moral and ethical value systems that guide the practices of organizations that make up the economic fabric of the nation. As scientific advancements and new technologies become readily accessible society experiences the consequences as well as the benefits. Are the decisions of individuals charged with fiscal soundness ethically neutral? What is the impact to society if ethical considerations fail to keep pace with rapid scientific and technological growth? Ultimately, who is responsible? Why Bother With Ethics? Because the society we live in is fundamentally based upon performance and profit, it is necessary to impart a sense of corporate social responsibility in regard to modern commerce. Purpose, principle and consequence are the vehicles of ethics in business. They are fundamental components of any organization’s social performance. Utilizing these components involves incorporating the interests of ethics and morality into the corporate structure. These are essential concepts that may be absent from a managerial standpoint. Corporate social responsibility should exist within every company's infrastructure.(1) However, social integrity is not necessarily something that is at the forefront of modern day business dealings. Ethics, business and society must work together or there is no purpose for any of its’ existence. Unethical practices are what create a climate of contempt and distrust, leading to consumers who harbor animosity. This is no way to run a business. Ethics are a necessary and critical ingredient in any successful enterprise. Establishing such ethical fortitude is not difficult if a moral and conscientious outlook is maintained. Ethical concerns run rampant among various entities, posing questions along the way as to whether a particular practice is considered morally acceptable. Ethics sometimes get in the way of ...

Medical Interview GA Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Medical Interview GA - Assignment Example P. Andrew told that "the germs contaminating hospital environment affects the hospitalized patients and cause Noscomial infections. It is very critical situation, which occur due to the poor sanitary practices and management of medical and paramedical staff within the hospitals, nursing homes or clinics during therapy of the patients† (4). ETIOLOGY: There are many types of Nosocomial infections. Some important are including Urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, Respiratory tract infections, Blood stream infections, Skin infections, gastrointestinal tract infections and Central nervous system infections (3). The common pathogenic agents of nosocomial infections include pathogenic and commensal bacteria of normal flora, Viruses of Hepatitis B and C, respiratory Synctial Virus, rotaviruses and enteroviruses , fungi and other opportunistic organisms which are Candida albicans, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptosporidium (2). PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE: Nosocomial infections prevail widely all over the world. It is the major cause of death in hospitalized patients (2). Only in the United States, there were 2,000,000 cases of nosocomial infections has reported annually (3). PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: Nosocomial infections come from endogenous or exogenous sources. Endogenous sources include body sites inhabited by microorganisms such as naso-pharynx, Gastro-intestinal or genitor-urinary tracts. Exogenous sources include those visitors, medical personnel, equipment and the healthcare environment (1). PROGNOSIS: In United States annual reported cases of nosocomial infections are about 2,000,000. The annual death rate among these reported cases is 20,000 patients while rest of the nosocomial infections cases found curable (3). TREATMENT: For the symptomatic nosocomial infections, treatment of shock, hypoventilation, and other complications should be provided along with the administration of empiric broad-spectrum antimicrobial, antifungal and

Breakfast of Champions by Kurt Vonnegut Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Breakfast of Champions by Kurt Vonnegut - Essay Example Dwayne is a wealthy man, a well-known and respected man in his community, who happens to suffer from a chemical imbalance that causes him to become progressively insane. Trout however, is a very poor man who works in the aluminum industry and writes novels and essays in his spare time. Trout was never recognized as an author before coming to Midland City; his stories were only published in pornographic magazines. The narrator slowly involves himself in the story and reveals himself as the creator of Trout and all that Trout knows. In the story, the narrator brings Trout and Dwayne together through an arts festival in Midland City. While the two men have never met, their first and only meeting changes their lives forever after. Dwayne progressing insanity come to a head when he meets Trout and demands the secret of life; Trout in a moment of panic gives Dwayne his book called Now It Can Be Told and says that his book holds the secrets. The book is a science fiction books that tells a story of the Creator of the Universe who decides to experiment by putting one human on earth and everyone else is a robot put there to stir the human up in any way possible. Taking it as the true secret of life, Dwayne goes on a violent rampage, beating eleven people, including Trout for being, what he thinks, are robots. The narrator tells the readers that Trout turns his life around after the experience with Dwayne and becomes an expert in mental health and a champion for ridding the world of negative ideas. Trout becomes a respected and loved author and member of society. Dwayne ends up on Skid Row after his rampage; the tables were turned for these two characters. The narrator believes he is born again through Trouts experiences. Vonnegut uses the fictional element of satire to depict the self-destruction of humans throughout Breakfast of Champions. The characters are miserable in their lives, regardless

Commercial Free Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Commercial Free Speech - Essay Example Emphasis is placed on the problem of spam on the commercial free speech. The argument in relation to the ethical agreement of commercial spam emphasizes upon the moral standard in terms of the freedom of expression among individuals. Globally the freedom of expression among individuals is protected as a result of the benefits that are associated with the application of freedom of expression. Thus, freedom of expression is an important requisite in a liberal democratic state. The freedom of expression entails commercial forms of expression such as the use of spam (Spinello, 2006). Spam should therefore be protected as a commercial free speech. This is attributed to the fact that if the use of such spams are not protected various contents that can be considered as harmful may be consumed by individuals. This protection will therefore entail various forms of restrictions that will ensure that only credible form of information is consumed by the audience. Various countries such as China and United States have engaged in some form of restriction of spam as a commercial free speech in order to take care of such contents such as pornography (Rooksby, 2007). However, there are enough reasons in relation to the fact that commercial expression should not be protected as a form of free speech among individuals. Commercial expressions in its essence do not promote truth as an essential aspect in free speech or freedom of expression. Furthermore, spams are not known to promote the beliefs or opinions of individuals in the freedom of expression. Thus, the use of spam as a commercial expression should not be protection as it does not promote truth in its expression (Rooksby, 2007). Additionally, citizens of any particular state have a right in regards to freedom of expression. This right to liberty therefore guarantees an individual with a right to

Focus Of Supervision Analysis Social Work Essay

Focus Of Supervision Analysis Social Work Essay The focus of this supervision is to look at how our supervisiory relationship is working in regards to our different learning styles. Referral to Public Health Nurses (PHN) for girls in the in the Early Intervention Program (EIP). Wai Ora Girls Program one client has offended and one client has absconded reflection on practice. Feasibility study Community Coordinators have said there are no issues with youth crime in their area. Where to next? During this supervision my supervisor is to complete my second direct observation assessment. Discussion points Learning Styles We began the session by reviewing our learning styles. My supervisor asked me to fill out the 80 question Honey Mumford Learning Styles Questionnaire (2006) in my first week of placement. My learning style is a reflector and my supervisor has a pragmatist learning style. Reflectors: like to view the situation from different perspectives. They like to collect data, review and think carefully before coming to any conclusions. They enjoy observing others and will listen to their views before offering their own (Mumford, 1992). Pragmatists: are eager to try things out. They like concepts that can be applied to their job. They tend to be impatient with lengthy discussions and are practical and down to earth (Mumford, 1992). Therefore, we discussed how we can work together in supervision from these different learning styles to make it affective. My supervisor has identified as a pragmatist learner he does not like lengthy discussions and prefers to get straight to the point when it comes to discussions around practice. Where as because I am a reflector I like to discuss my learning through different perspectives at length before I am able to come to any conclusions around my learning. This can cause difficulties within our supervisory relationship and we need to work together so that I am able to make the most out of our supervision sessions and the field education placement in relation to my own learning style. My supervisor identified that he needs to be flexible in the different learning approaches that are presented by: Organising a range of opportunities for practice Using a blend of methods and materials that will help me learn Using a mixture of theory and practice focus in supervision Using learning materials that focus on the reflection of practice Formal and informal opportunities to learn Continuing teaching and learning styles discussion EIP Program I have identified a range of health issues presented by the girls who attend the EIP. In a previous supervision session it was discussed that I will contact the PHN to arrange health assessments for the girls that are presenting concerns. Following on from this I discussed with the volunteers of the Girls EIP which girls we believe could use a health assessment. On contacting the PHN it became apparent that we would be unable to get these girls health assessments as I did not have parental consent, and two girls are already involved with the PHN. Upon contacting the parents of the girls who are not already involved they did not give permission for their children to be assessed. I discussed with my supervisor that I still has concerns for these girls but because there is no parental consent we are unable to refer them to the nurses. We decided it is up to the volunteers and I to monitor the concerns, and if they became more evident to approach the parents again. Wai Ora Girls Program one of my clients who I have been working with has been arrested over the weekend and charged with driving with excess blood alcohol. I discussed with my supervisor the concerns I had around this charge and the events that had led to the young women driving whilst under the influence. We agreed that it would be best for me to notify her Child, Youth and Family Services (CYFS) social worker in regards to the concerns I had as it was beyond my level of involvement. Another one of the young women I have been working with has absconded over the weekend; I discussed with my supervisor what I should do next in regards to this client. My supervisor suggested that as we do not have any mandate to work with this young person and that it was not my responsibility to follow up with this young person, as her involvement with our agency is voluntary and if she does not wish to be involved that I was not to force her. I will contact her CYFS social worker to let her know that if the young person returns I am happy to continue working with her. Feasibility Study during supervision I discussed the information and negative feedback I had received from the Community Coordinators in regards to the feasibility of Te Roopu O Wai Ora working in Albany and the East Coast Bays areas. He said to document these conversations and the next step us to speak to CYFS, Police, and the local schools. Direct Practice Observation the second direct practice observation was completed in relation to the second Learning Outcome. This assessment bought out discussion around my resiliency as I have been confronted with a range of client issues through out my placement. We focused more closely on working cross-culturally in my practice with clients and I am often working with young people and their families who are of a different culture from my own. At the alterative education centre where I am placed two days a week I am the only female and pakeha person there. We discussed how I can critically reflect on my issues in practice and working cross-culturally (I will discuss this further in my critical reflection). Direct practice feedback from Fieldwork Educator My supervisor discussed how he views my experience as an advantage for the organisation; that he trusts me to manage my own workload and ask for help when I need it. The information my supervisor has feedback through this supervision and direct practice will lead me to further discussions and reflections in my critical reflection assignment: Grace has shown good levels of interviewing techniques on our observation of her at work. She has interviewed family members of our clients and shown experience beyond her years. Through supervision and on job training Grace has self-reflected on issues and questions she has been challenged with. She is not afraid to ask the hard questions. Grace is aware of her own feelings and background in working with different clients on a range of issues. She shows genuine empathy and an ability to engage with clients in a relaxed and professional manner. Working in the school setting as the only female and pakeha person, has enabled her to identify the differences in culture but also helped her to work cross-culturally with other staff and clients. Family visitation has also helped her to identify areas that need more training in. Suggested next steps for practice No Steps 1 Critically reflect on discussions in this supervision and the direct observation assessment in regards to working cross-culturally. 2 Contact CYFS in regards to the two young women in the Wai Ora Girls Club that are presenting with problems/concerns/absconding. 3 Attend EIP program and monitor their health issues 4 Contact police, CYFS and local schools in regards to Feasibility Study. What is the relationship between this supervision session and the B.Soc.Wk 2 learning objectives, generally and my contract specifically? The relationship between this supervision and the B.Soc.Work learning objectives and my contract were the discussions around my second learning outcome in relation to the second direct observation. I have demonstrated the appropriate use of self in a professional social work setting by exploring in supervision my practice, cultural awareness, resiliency, and my learning style. I have demonstrated my ability to initiate and articulate my own learning in my placement by reflecting on my learning style and discussing how our supervisory relationship is working. Also by identifying that in this supervision session that there was a significant focus on my practice cross-culturally and using it as the basis for my second critical reflection, to enable me to reflect on my cultural framework more critically. I have been in contact with other agencies and the community in relation to shared clients and the Feasibility Study. Learning Made The learning I made in this supervision session was in regards to my learning style and how it affects our supervisory relationship, and how we can make it effective for my learning during y field placement. I will use the learning made from the discussion around my practice this week and working cross-culturally as the basis for my critical reflection.

Economic Policy in Downtown Development :: essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When the Heer’s Tower closed down in the 1960's, the downtown area of Springfield, MO. lost a major economic and entertaining element. Since then, Springfield has been planning and working to get back a lot of the status that it once had. The city government had to bring attractions and business in the form of new business’s to spur development to accommodate the 151,580 citizens that reside in the small city. Mayor Tom Carlson and City Manager Tom Finnie have been heading the projects with the help of large developing firms such as the UDA or Urban District Alliance, and hope that projects such as the redevelopment of Heer’s Tower, SMSU’s Innovation center, and College Station will add not only attractions for the mass of people flooding into Springfield each year, but also bring in hundreds of new jobs to boost the economy and help support a growing society. Over the next couple of pages an analysis of the current and future projects, as well as the non-quantitative benefits and effects on the surrounding community will be looked at to further explain why the project is on the community’s agenda.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tom Carlson calls the development of the downtown area, the â€Å"Center City.† â€Å"It will be a city within a city.† Not to long ago though Springfield was in a slump, after the huge factories of Zenith and GE went out of business, the only other major factory was Kraft. During the 1950's, These companies employed thousands of workers and once they were out of the picture the economy started to level out. The opportunity to have the Center City, started in the 1980's when sub-divisions around Springfield and surrounding towns, such as Nixa and Ozark, started booming. Since then, developer’s such as John Q. Hammons and new faces like Vaughn Post have sparked projects that have created a substantial buzz across the state. The developers took the idea of a new downtown and ran with it, using tax advantages such as state and historic tax credits, property tax abatement, gap financing and loans up to $40,000 to make facade improvements. Also, a low- interest loan program, using Community Development Block Grant Funds, has provided help for many business people. Since 1997, about $125 million has been invested in Center City.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All of these tax breaks and policies have led to some astonishing developments in employment and economic gains.

Prevent the Boys from Descending Into Savagery Essay

Compare the ways in which Piggy and Simon attempt to prevent the boys from descending into savagery. The Lord of the Flies shows a group of boys who end up in a plane crash, and get stuck on a deserted island for weeks. Here, we find different types of boys, ones that are good, and like to do the right thing; others will mess around, and try and mislead others into their bad doings. However, through the novel, the two major characters of the book, Ralph and Jack fight for leadership and as Ralph tries to sustain democracy along with his friend Piggy, Jack tries to lead us into savagery, misleading others to believe that they aren’t going to be rescued, and instead, are going to be killed by a ‘beast’, which Simon, another quiet and saint-like boy discovers is not true. Savagery is an act of violent or cruelty, or anything bad that is going to happen. During this essay, I will be talking about how Simon and Piggy acted maturely, and how they hindered savagery onto the island for a little bit of time. I will be analyzing how they did this, and what got the couple killed because of this. Firstly, we will look at Piggy and how his suggestions were undermined by the other members of the group, this is consistent in all the meetings that they have, he is failed to be listened to. Piggy’s physical appearance, his common sense and genuine thinking makes him the only mature and ‘adult-like’ child on the island. However, he doesn’t blend in with the others because of this. All the others want to play, while he says that you shouldn’t be playing when you’re in a life-threatening situation, but we have to survive, find food, make shelters, which is genuinely a true fact. When playing ‘kill the beast’, which one of the boys pretends to be, he spoils the game. This really furthers Piggy and the others, we are now seeing that Ralph sticks up for Piggy, and that Jack and Ralph further away from their ‘invisible light of friendship’. Everyone doesn’t listen to him, because they feel he is different to him, by appearance, abilities, thinking, e.g. ‘I was the only boy in the school what had asthma’. None of the other boys had this, they felt he was different to others, so they wouldn’t include him in most occasions, but as Ralph was leader, he had to be. To live on a deserted island, we have to build shelter don’t we. Well Ralph being leader assigned jobs, and people weren’t following them as they should’ve been. Ralph and Simon are at work building huts for the younger boys to live in. Ralph gets irritated because the huts keep falling down before they are completed and  because, though the huts are vital to the boys’ ability to live on the island, none of the other boys besides Simon will help him. As Ralph and Simon work, most of the other boys splash about and play, it shows a complete disobedience of teamwork and order; people weren’t doing what t hey were supposed to be doing. Simon, Piggy and Ralph seem to only be leading civilization, only Piggy and Simon offered to help, everyone else is messing around, and this would lead to savagery, because they are not paying attention to what the leader says, if this carried on for a long-term period, things would go crazy! Jack and Piggy don’t like each other at all. Right from the start Jack reveals a deep dislike for Piggy. This started at the first meeting everyone had when Piggy and Ralph wanted to know who everyone was, Jack shouted, â€Å"Shut up fatty you talk too much† offending Piggy greatly, Piggy started to dislike him now, he said, ‘it was always like this’. When the fire goes out, Piggy said to Jack that you said you would keep the smoke going, as Jack now felt dumb, he punched Piggy in the stomach, making him even more vulnerable to things like this. Piggy represents civilization and the world of thought and reason. Jack represents the savagery of the island; it shows that they don’t like each other because they come from two ends of the spectrum. Next, we all hear about this beast, it isn’t actually real. The beast represents the way in which people make something outside of them evil, so that they can maintain and image of themselves as good, this allows them to avoid the responsibility of looking inside them. The beast is actually the plane pilot, who goes crazy, and then wanders around the island; the boys think it is the beast. Jack gets his honour and order only because of the beast; if the beast wasn’t there he wouldn’t be the leader of his tribe. Simon being brave, finds out that it is the pilot, and there is no beast, he runs off to Jack’s tribe, and tries to tell them, but then they think it’s the beast, because it is night-time, they kill him, not knowing it was Simon, a big pa rt of the island’s democracy has gone significantly. Simon dies, and it is very significant event in this case, if the boys listened to him, they would be saved by savagery, and won’t have to keep on acting like animals. However, a storm was arising in the moment of time, so it could have been a mistake, but Ralph and Piggy knew it was him. The sea connected softly when it came in contact with the sea, it felt that there was a storm; the Bible stated this,  because the wind was very strong, Jesus died and took it very strongly. Same for Simon, the sea connected with him, so in some terms, he could be Jesus in the book. To conclude, I think that if the boys had listened to Piggy and Simon, and just did not act immaturely and disobediently, they would have escaped from Jack’s savagery. At the end of the story, savagery took over, and the boys were ruled by an arrogant chief. Comparing the end and start of the story, they were completely different, physically and mentally, they let their own feelings about this ‘beast’ take over them, when actually Piggy and Simon were speaking sense the whole time! Each step that Jack made, and the kids believing what he said, got them one step closer to savagery, and it didn’t end up too well when the story was ending. We have a massive decline of civilised values; look how many kids got killed because of some boys, especially Roger acting stupid. I guess you’re thinking what they would be like in their adult-ages.

Trials of in the South During the Civil War essays

Trials of in the South During the Civil War essays These are a few documents that describe a small portion of history that we as a people use to look into the past to get a glimpse of what experiences people of that time period had to experience and some of the trials and tribulation that people had to endure. Black Codes enacted in the South These codes were laws that white southerners put into place to try to maintain their way of life as it was before the civil war. These laws were a vital part of history describing the restrictions that were put on the blacks. The Black codes talked about in Reading the American Past, were codes that were enacted in the state of Mississippi, there were codes, laws, enacted in nearly every southern state. The Mississippi Black codes their were made up of Acts and Sections: Act to Confer Civil Rights on Freedman, and for other Purposes-11 Sections Act to Regulate the Relation of Master and Apprentice, as Relates to Freedman, Free Negroes, and Mulattoes-10 Sections Act to Amend the Vagrant Laws of the State-8 Sections. There were 28 sections of the Black codes to restrict the freedom and opportunities of the southern blacks. The Black codes are documents that give clear and concise understanding of history to the time period of the Reconstruction. This concise understanding gives all that study and read these codes a clear picture of how American society was for the whites and the blacks. The whole thought process to enact such codes were biased to the white southerners, with these codes the southern plantation owners still had a hold on the now free blacks. Elias Hill: Testimony before Congressional Committee Investigating the Ku Klux Klan, 1871, Elias Hill was a black minister in York County, South Carolina, who testified before a congressional committee in 1871 about the Ku Klux Klan's aims and methods of operation. Elias was deemed as a credible witness due to his outstanding stature within...

The Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution essays

The Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution essays The Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution are two systems of government that were adopted by the United States as the backbone of their society. The Articles of Confederation was the first form of government established by the United States. It was a union between the newly declared thirteen states. Many delegates realized that the Articles of Confederation was a weak form of government and called a convention after what became known as Shays's Rebellion. At this convention, delegates debated and finally decided that the United States needed a new form of government. Once all debate and compromise were over the Constitution was established. The Articles of Confederation was the first constitution of the United States. Congress was unicameral, or a single-chamber legislature and each state had the same amount of power no matter their size or population. When documents needed to be amended, it tool approval by all thirteen states for ratification. Passing laws required approval by nine of the thirteen states. Congress could request states to pay taxes but had no real taxing powers. There were no federal court systems and all laws and court cases were handled by the state governments. Congress had no power to regulate trade between the states or internationally. The executive branch had no power and the president presided over Congress. There was no national army and the nation depended on individual states to establish a military. The weaknesses of this first form of government were eventually seen and the U.S. Constitution was eventually established. The Constitution of the United States is a system of fundamental laws of the United States of America. The Constitution was drawn up by 55 delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia during the summer of 1787 and ratified by the states in 1788. It is a bicameral form of government. The upper house is the Senate and it consists of two representatives from e...

Marketing for a Newspaper Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing for a Newspaper Company - Case Study Example From being only a UK based newspaper on its inception, the TIMES has evolved from a period when marketing was unheard to a period when marketing reigns supreme. During all this time, the TIMES has maintained its reputation and has always been a step ahead of its competition. When we see the overall marketing strategy of the TIMES, we see a dynamic force at nature. Over the years, the TIMES has evolved its marketing into many dimensions. When observed closely, the marketing strategy of the TIMES has been focused on the following basic dimensions: The TIMES has in the recent time implemented a strategy that calls for a brand development. Firstly, the paper made it clear through activities like adding its paper on the internet, and launching it in many countries, that it doesn't want to restrain itself to only one particular country. The used the same quality values of their English version, i.e. accurate and reliable news, but they were careful to decentralize their marketing activities specific for each region. They used different names, specifically like New York Times, Times of India etc that showed them devoted to one region. Also the news was selected according to the demographics of the readers. The TIMES a The TIMES also generated a strategy for a global brand name. With the advent of the internet, this task became easy as now it displayed newspapers for many regions but under the specific brand name of the TIMES. In this way each paper maintained individuality as well as common global values. The TIMES has also embarked upon a marketing strategy to make its customers feel more attached with the newspaper. Today TIMES does not stand for only news, but for much more. It has interesting aspects for all the household, like cooking recipes and clothes designs for the women, gadgets and sports paper for the young, comics for the children, business news for the job-related people, and not only local news but world wide as well. The marketing of TIMES has used it as a catch for the paper to be declared as one for the entire household. One of the major challenges for the marketing strategy developers for the TIMES has been to change the perception of the youth about the newspaper. The TIMES has always been seen by the youth as the newspaper for the more serious and elderly people. Even though it contains many interesting aspects for the youth, but the general perception remains the same. For this the TIMES has to create a new image for itself. The newspaper has been employing towards this goal through many aspects. Firstly, by driving more items and captions for the youth, like sports page, jobs page, gadgets page etc. Second, by using the internet to give a whole new look to the paper, making it more animated and interactive for the youth. Lastly, the marketing strategy most into play these days is to make the paper more accessible and glamorous to the readers. Many interactive sections have been added. Like

Final Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Final Paper - Essay Example ports of entry and fail to register through proper immigration channels, 2) storing, analyzing and integrating captured data with known criminal/terrorist databases through a data interoperability system, and 3) a GIS (Geographic Information System) module that uses biometrics data to map terrorist movement through U.S. borders. With such a capable program, DHS will have a powerful tool to identify and track terrorist movement within U.S. which does not register on immigration channels, integrating this information with law enforcement and intelligence data and helping coordinate terrorist prevention efforts of various federal agencies. Without TIDIS, we as a Nation face a significant risk of terrorists â€Å"slipping through the cracks† and possibly executing another attack such as 9/11 on U.S. soil. Importance of TIDIS if further underscored by the fact that such a system will drastically improve cooperation between intelligence and law enforcement communities in identifying and tracking terrorists, a deficiency which was identified by 9/11 commission in its findings and attempted to be rectified through Intelligence Reform and Terrorist Prevention Act of 2004. Looking more closely at TIDIS system and methodology in determining particular technology solutions to meet our objectives, we concluded that biometrics technology will give DHS a capability to collect data and rapidly identify suspected terrorists as they pass through a point of entry, data interoperability function will enable rapid data analysis and sharing across multiple organizations and jurisdictions, and GIS function will allow for integration of biometrics data with geographic mapping capability. TIDIS will require several component systems such as XR-1000 biometrics/CCTV system for capturing biometrics data from traveling passengers at a checkpoint. It will also require XF-1500 data system for data warehouse and

Gideon v. Wainwright Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Gideon v. Wainwright - Case Study Example In Betts v. Brandy, 316 U.S. 455 (1942), the court modified this doctrine slightly, ruling, â€Å"that whether or not a lawyer was required would depend on the circumstances of whether a lack of representation affected a denial of due process, rendering the trial unfair. Due to the difficulty of proving the high standard of a due process violation, nearly all such cases involved the death penalty. This view had not changed by the late 1960’s. Today when an individual is apprehended by the police, he is informed of his constitutional rights; through being Mirandized, wherein he is informed that he is entitled to have representation and that if he can not afford an attorney, one will be appointed for him. In 1961 Clarence Earl Gideon had been charged with burglary for breaking into a pool hall in Panama City Bay County, Florida and taking money from the vending machines. He appeared in court too poor to afford counsel, whereupon the following conversation took place: The Court: Mr. Gideon, I am sorry, but I can not appoint counsel to represent you in this case. Under the laws of the state of Florida, the only time the court can appoint counsel to represent a defendant is when the person is charged with a 2 capital offence. I am sorry, but I will have to deny your request to appoint counsel to defend you in this case.... penitentiary. From his prison cell and making ample use of the prison library, Gideon appealed to the United States Supreme Court based on the fact that he had been denied counsel and therefore his fourteenth Amendment rights had been violated without due process of law. Mr. Gideon brought habeas corpus proceedings against the Director of the Division of Corrections. The Florida Supreme Court, 135 So 2 d 746, denied all relief, and Mr. Gideon brought certiorari. The United States Supreme Court granted certiorari to review judgment of the Florida Supreme Court denying habeas corpus on the ground that indigent defendant in criminal prosecution in state court has no right to have counsel appointed for him (372 U.S. 335) Mr. Justice Black held that the sixth Amendment to the federal constitution providing that in all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to assistance of counsel for his defense is made obligatory on the states by the3 fourteenth amendment, and that an indigent defendant in a criminal prosecution in a state court has the right to have counsel appointed too him. Like Gideon, Betts sought release be habeas corpus, alleging that he had been denied the right to assistance of counsel in violation of the fourteenth amendment, Betts was denied any relief, and on review this court affirmed. It was held that a refusal to appoint counsel for an indigent defendant charged with a felony did not necessarily violate the due process clause of the fourteenth amendment,

The Fall Of Rome Essay Example for Free

The Fall Of Rome Essay During period of government of Diocletian, Roman Empire gains more and more features of Western despotism. In order to strengthen the government, to regulate management of provinces Diocletian (284-303) makes complex of reforms: Administrative – he divides empire into Western and Eastern (final division in year 395); territory of Empire is divided into 10 dioceses (120 provinces); Tax – instead of indirect taxes (which were quite numerous and badly-collected) he promotes the one land- poll-tax in money or natural form (corn, wine, etc); Financial – he starts promotion of valuable golden coin (together with silver and copper, which were already in use); Military – he divides the army into internal armies, border armies and praetorian guards; increases quantity of army for 1/3; provides recruitment; increases the army at account of barbarians. Such reforms although couldn’t stop collapse of â€Å"colossus with clay legs†, which the Roman Empire became in 4-5 centuries, but slowed down its collapse for 1.5 centuries more. Army, officialdom and Christian church (Christianity becomes the government religion in the 4th century) – these are three foundations for Roman Empire of those years. In 476 the chief of German mercenaries uncrowns the last emperor Romulus Augustulus (The Collapse’ Chronology). Title of emperor and the very Empire finishes its existence. The reasons of fall of Rome were as follows: Increase of centrifugal tendencies in provinces; crisis of slave-holding way of manufacturing; appearance of elements of feudal society (colonate); Barbarian invasion (Germans, Hunnes, etc); the government changed into giant mechanism which exhausted their nationals, which often met Barbarians not as invaders, but as liberators; Period of antiquity finished; ‘medium evum’ the new à ©poque in the history of mankind started. What were opinions of historians and other prominent people for fall of Rome? Montesquieu saw the main reason of fall in collapse of Roman military valour and simplicity, which was the result of conquest of Rome rich Western countries. The prominent English historian Edward Gibbon (1737-1794) wrote a work â€Å"History of collapse and destruction of Roman Empire† which has became a classical work. He considers that the Roman Empire represented period, where the humankind was the luckiest and prosperous, especially during the à ©poque of Antonines. He analyses the reasons of fall of Rome and presents more then 20 factor, which influenced the process. His common conclusion is simple and categorical: the reason is in â€Å"triumph of Barbarians and religion† (Edward Gibbon). R. Collingwood related Gibbon’s work to retrograde or historian tendency in historiography of XVIII century; for representatives of this tendency the history is only â€Å"sightseeing of irrational forces†. The other researchers of XIX-XX centuries underlined other factors: progressive decrease of population; penetrating of â€Å"coastal† antique culture inside the country and its extensive expansion, as a reason of loss intensiveness and coming back to old, natural forms of economy; contradictions between city and village; struggle between â€Å"municipal bourgeoisie† and lower classes of city and village, which leads to revolution, the expression of which are military rebellions; Negative role of ruling personality. For example, transfer of power from Marcus Aurelia to Commodious – the Senate looses its prestige, and power of Rome was actually based on this authority; Decrease of quantity in Roman border army, starting from Augustus period of power, which prevented stable and reliable defense of Empire (History Alive material); Christianity and religion of sympathy for all unlucky personalities, weak and low, which appeared on the basis of â€Å"mortal enmity to reality† and became a vampire of Roman Empire as well as brought into naught great dead of Romans. So, taking into account everything we examined here, we can tell that the reasons of fall are connected with specifics of development of Rome as Empire; it means that we have to see combination of factors: Internal reasons – those social, economic, political, ethnic and demographic processes, which are connected with transformation of former polices, civitases, nomes, etc. Because of all this Empire becomes unstable government. It is not enough for fall of Rome, but it is enough to weaken it. The government reached limits of its â€Å"vital space†. Specifics of cultural, religious and ideological development: a) synthesis of their own cultural achievements in order to create non-contradictory system of new beliefs, based on their own traditions; b) great religious invasion from the East As a result of all those factors the Empire becomes weal government. The decisive role then, will play external factors: External factors: meeting of economies – Roman Empire consisted of developed Western provinces, zones of ancient and stable city tradition. Economic intervention destabilized position of government. Great migration of population. In such a way, the Fall of Rome was the result of influence of numerous factors. References: Reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire: All left Rome open to outside invaders adapted from History Alive material [online] http://killeenroos.com/1/Romefall.htm The Collapse’ Chronology [online] http://www.roman-empire.net/collapse/collapse-index.html Medieval Sourcebook: Edward Gibbon: General Observations on the Fall of the Roman Empire in the West [online] http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/gibbon-fall.html

Peaches Essay -- Character Analysis, Marcus, Reginald McKnight

In the story â€Å"Peaches†, Reginald McKnight introduces his main characters, one being Marcus. Marcus is a good guy, but he is described in many different ways, due to his bad temper and immaturity level. Throughout the work, author Reginald McKnight takes great care to illustrate situations and describe feelings and personalities that many men experience. This way, even though Marcus is having trouble controlling himself around other people and arrogant at times, he still tries to be a better person for Rita and for himself. He does this by going out of the country to experience other cultures and enhance his morals. Although Marcus is strong and eager, he is actually an easily irascible, impatient, immature, manipulative, unstable man whose inexperience does not prepare him for the frequent mishaps in his life. Marcus himself is white, and like most guys he is constantly nitpicking at not just anything, but everything he says and does. Even in realizing that he is being a complete neurotic, one can see that Marcus actions are a sign of his impatience. He has habits of always unknowingly insulting himself and exclaiming, â€Å"I’m the one who needs to change,† (73) two practices that reveal his insecurity and contradict his belief that, â€Å"If anything, I can give you more because my world is so different from yours† (74) which he stated to Rita. Even when Rita re-assures Marcus that â€Å"It’s got nothing to do with your beliefs. Really. I’m just preoccupied†¦..we can talk about this tomorrow, at dinner?† (74) His first concern is himself and asks Rita â€Å"Is it because you think I got no soul or some crap like that, isn’t it?† (74). He feels that his race is the reason Rita has been avoiding him. He reasons that the tension e xisting between him a... ...ially drawn to Rita, not for her â€Å"frizzy, uncombable black hair, or burdensome breasts, but the face that he insisted no guy on campus could forget, and the legs he insisted were not birdlike† (73). Due to Marcus’ personality traits he did not seem to notice that he was sabotaging any possibility of ever having anything serious with Rita. In creating a character so obvious in his irascibility, duality and selfishness, Reginald McKnight also creates a character we can sympathize with. McKnight created a sense that Marcus was an eager individual, who set himself apart from society, but in doing so, he set himself up for failure. This, if anything, makes use aware that negative remarks and statements can lead to a very negative end result. We are forced to form our own conclusion and conform to the fact that no matter how many miles away, one person may never change.

Newspaper Report on a Town :: Papers

Newspaper Report on a Town I am going to write a newspaper article about my town, it is called Luton. It is thirty miles north of London. And has a population of around 187000 people. Its main features are the airport, which is currently being extended and the Vauxhall factory. The area, which I live in, is called Wigmore. It is on the very edge of the town and backs onto the countryside. There are a number of small villages beyond Wigmore, Tea Green, which has a small golf course, and Cockernhoe, which has a small junior school. They both have very few houses, as well as a church and of course a pub. All of the houses down my road are either four or three bed-roomed houses. They all have front and back gardens as well as a park. This is a good feature as it allows children to play in the comfort of their own road; this is very reassuring for parents. If you go out of my road there is a main road, which if you follow will either take you to Wigmore Valley Park, which is an enormous playing field that sits directly next to the airport. It is used mainly in the summer where you would have families with picnics, fun and games and people walking their dogs. If you go the other way you will be taken to the local supermarket, ASDA. Which is the second busiest attraction in my area, next to the airport. The supermarket consists of everything you could think of from designer clothes, ready cooked food as well as your every day shopping. It also has a music and video store which has a number of top of the chart products as well as a large archive of old music and videos. And all of this at exceptionally low prices. If you go slightly further than ASDA then you will reach Ashcroft area, this is where my School is. My school is an I.T communications college which means that its main interest is I.

Northern Perspectives

It is prudent at this juncture to define the northern territory as a way of introduction. The northern territory (NT) is much of a political territory, which shares geographical location with north Australia. This is the main distinctive feature. However there are several differences In terms of the social and cultural orientation within the geographical region of north Australia.The northern territory exists as a self-government territory. However the territory derives its right to govern from the federal parliament. This means that the supreme authority is still the federal parliament. If follows that the decision reached at the northern territory legislative assembly is subject to the approval of the federal parliament. This happens to be what separates the self-governing territory of the Northern Territory from the rest of Australia. The political structure in the larger Australia is such that the states are sovereign and only come together under the federal government.The northe rn territory self-government act of 1978 gave a new status to the northern territory. In this act the northern territory was granted authority that could help it become a self-autonomous entity, usurping a few roles from the commonwealth. A few of responsibilities and duties initially carried out by the common wealth were transferred to the northern territory. A superficial glance at the territory and comparison with the other states indicates almost a complete similarity. However, the territory suits a shoulder below the rest in terms of authority and the structure of the government. It leaves more towards being a self-autonomous territory as opposed to the usual states in the common wealth.Although all the states in the common wealth are independent and value sovereignty, the 1978 act to self-given presents the biggest difference between these and the northern territory. The government in northern territory can make and enforce its own laws, but should the federal government wish to overturn or override it, it can achieve this through the parliament. An example in point is the euthanasia legislation passed by northern treaty but overridden by the national parliament ().In the place of a governor, the northern territory has administrator who wields executives’ power. He leads with the help of an executive council. The territory too has its representative in the federal legislature comprising of two representatives and two people in the senate.The territory has a legislative assembly consisting of members that are elected to speaker and the member of the executive council or the ministers. The northern territory also has local governments and authorities with some full administrative powers in Darwin, the capital city as well as in other large towns, these administrative centers provide essential services to the people ranging from housing to health among others.  Northern territories have a fully-fledged legal system with the Supreme Court as the hig hest court in the land.There is a chief minister who leads the self-autonomous government while the premier leads the state government. These two are appointed by the administrator who in turn is appointed by the governor-general of Australia.  In the national scene, the parliament is made up of the senate and the house of representative it deals with matters affecting almost all the states like foreign affair or the issue of protecting the nation as is the case in the United States. The territory’s representation in these two organs is a bit lower to make up for special status that it enjoys with an autonomous government.Broad responsibilityThe northern territory government is charged with the responsibility of managing the affairs of the territory save for those that are national in nature like the world heritage areas and national parks located within the territory (Strelein L (2000). This is done to avoid conflicts between the two levels of government. Areas that fall w ithin the northern territory government share of responsibility include but not limited to; education, health, and issues, administrative matters, infrastructure and local government. In order to perform these duties the NT government receives funds from the federal government.Relationship with federal governmentIt is clear that the two levels of government are mutually dependent. The federal government looks up to the territorial government to facilitate the implementation of laws and policies. Additionally the federal government expects to receive money remitted by the territorial government in order to reach its own objectives. On the other hand, the territorial government receives funds from the federal government to meet its budgetary obligations. This has for long time been a subject of much debate and controversy not only in the northern territory but also elsewhere in Australia and also in the world.The federal government in Australia has to perform a balancing act in order to achieve some kind of equity. Equitable distribution of resources is a thorny issue here. This balance is important for stability of any nation. An example of inequality is between the State of California in the US and the Mississippi between which a huge economic disparity exists. There has existed a general discontent especially from richer states in the way the national government distributes money contributed by these states.One of the important areas of development that lie within the responsibility of the NT government is cultural development. Culture is a very important composite of any society. However, in the modern world, rarely would any society share in all aspects of a common culture. According to Martin C (1995), this is mainly because of the historical backgrounds that are as varied as the trends of the modern lifestyle. It is therefore important to understand the basics of cultural dynamics before any form of cultural development can be contemplated.Cultural develo pment can be defined as the process through which the full potential of cultural diversity can be achieved for the common good. Culture is a most valuable symbol of identity and should not be lost either through assimilation or neglect. Cultural diversity brings out the uniqueness of the northern territory community (CUC107 Northern Perspectives. Cultural expansion and change (2007). One of the unique characteristics of the responsibility that the territorial government has in conserving and developing cultural diversity springs from the history of the people of the Northern Territory.The earliest inhabitants of the northern territory were the indigenous people. These people had and still have a rich culture and customs by which they lived. However, when the European immigrants settled in Australia, they sought to undermine this culture terming it as backwards. They also sought to force their own ways, which they viewed as superior. For many years this opinion has dictated the natur e of interaction between the indigenous people and the settlers. It has also influenced public opinion as well as dominant ideologies (Eckerman T. et al 1992).Upon this background, the territorial government must work to alter this perception and opinion that is based against the culture and custom of the aboriginal people as well as the Torres-strait islander people. The long enduring opinion is narrow and ill informed. It is full assumptions and biases that view some cultures and practices as more superior than others. Cultural development begins with the understanding of the uniqueness of the self. It is the responsibility of the Northern Territory government to promote understanding, acceptance interest and most of all harmonious existence among people of different cultural affiliations. The goal should be for the entire population to appreciate other cultures and to nurture rather than to kill diversity. The goal should also be to create a strong sense of belonging through cult ure where the population is proud of being who they are.Killing cultural diversity is tantamount to killing own individual identity. The study of culture has somehow increased awareness among those who take time to give thought to the wisdom those studies. However the world is still at a point where the western definition of what is superior and what is mediocre is widely embraced. Against this background many cultures have lost invaluable parts that were part of the whole thus becoming diluted (Hunter, E. (1993). This presents the main challenge to the Northern Territory government in its management and development of culture.The Northern Territory government must work from a seemingly â€Å"point of weakness† because many of the cultural practice and customs have lost so much already which cannot be recovered. Elements of culture such as language have also changed greatly. The way people talked as well as the content of these talks has changed overtime. Among the indigenous people for instance, folk tales were used to impart knowledge as well as to pass traditions from one generation to next. However folk tales have today found replacement in technology and the consequences are a lost method of passing culture to generations (CUC107 Northern Perspectives. Cultural expansion and change (2007).These are among the challenges that the Northern Territory government faces. Capitalistic ideologies and economic power has placed some countries at a position where they can dictate the direction the rest of the world takes. This includes dominating cultures. The disadvantaged, minorities and marginalized population have little choice but to tow the line appropriately (Alder, C. 1999). Economic development in the Northern Territory, which ironically must be encouraged, can only serve to diminish any gains on the cultural diversity front. This is a challenge to the Northern Territory government cultural development plans. It is easy to see here that the sacrifices that must be made are economic prosperity or the conservation of culture. With the world being the way it is today the Northern Territory government is hard pressed to make a decision to promote economic prosperity at the expense of culture.The Northern Territory government can however produce a win-win situation, by embracing innovative thinking to ensure sustainable development both economically and culturally.It is unfortunate that despite the fact that an opportunity clearly exists in the northern territory to develop ways of achieving sustainable cultural development, not much good seems be coming out of the processes. This can be attributed to the fact that the focus of the main stakeholders is wrong. The Northern Territory government has loudly cited scarcity of funds as the main obstacle in achievement of sustainable cultural development.This has denied these stakeholders from seeing the other methods and avenues open to them to exploit the opportunity (Ames, R et al 1989). The Northern Territory government has tried to develop a framework upon which to build its plans. One has been the involvement of women and the aboriginal people in decision-making process. Their representation has however not always adequate which has worked against this plan.The NT government has also sought to promote culture by supporting cultural activities like road shows and festivals especially in Darwin. These attractions have served to showcase some of the diverse cultures that exist in Northern Territory. The events are increasingly becoming popular though at a very slow pace.  The budget for cultural development has also been increasing steadily over the past few years (Christie, M. 2000).While the efforts of the NT government to involve the local communities especially the aboriginal and Torres-strait islander people together with women and other minority groups are laudable. This paper suggests that more can be done in order to speed up the process and consolidate g ains achieved so far. Wide consultations have a way of fostering ownership. It is therefore important that the NT government seek to improve participation of the local communities in decision-making.Representation should be increased in the decision-making organ. Additionally, in order to increase coercion the NT government should develop a holistic approach that includes educating the people at all levels of the society to appreciate their cultures as well as other cultures within this society. This can be done formally in small community groups as well as through other contemporary media.Another laudable gesture that should be developed further is use of cultural events and festivals. Cultural events have succeeded elsewhere as tourist attraction and consequently served to preserve the practice. In Spain bullfighting is a cultural even that is unique to this part of the world. It has gained a cult like following and has also been used as a tourist attraction. In Brazil, street car nival where people showcase there cultural dances such as samba have also become an eye catching event that is widely accepted all over the world. Similarly events could be organized regularly to showcase the NT diverse cultures.The Northern Territory should also explore the use of cultural ambassadors in other parts of Australia and the world in order to advertise the culture and to promote cultural tourism.ConclusionWhile plans are underway to confer full powers of statehood in the Northern Territory, the territorial government must increase ensure sustainable development in all areas of development. It is the responsibility of the Northern Territory government to promote understanding, acceptance interest and most of all harmonious existence among people of different cultural affiliations. The goal should be for the entire population to appreciate other cultures and to nurture rather than to kill diversity. Cultural diversity must never be sacrificed in the altar of economic deve lopment.ReferencesAlder C (1999) The Aboriginal art market: challenges to authenticity, on-line at:http://www.aboriginalartonline.com/resources/articles6.php, (Accessed: 3/2/05)Ames, R. Don Axford, Peter J. Usher, Ed Weick, George Wenzel, and John Merritt. (1989)Keeping on the land: A study of the feasibility of a comprehensive wildlife harvestsupport programme in the Northwest Territories. Ottawa ON: Canadian Arctic ResourcesCommittee.Christie M 2000 ‘Greek Migration to Darwin, Australia, 1914-1921' Journal of NorthernTerritory History, 71, pp 1 -14.Eckerman T. Dowd, M. Martin, L, Nixon R. Gray E. Chong, Binan Goonj (1992). BudgingCultures In Aboriginal Health, . Armidale NSW: Printery, University Of England.. 23-58.Hunter, E. (1993). Aboriginal Health and History. Power and prejudice in remoteAustralia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, Melbourne.38Strelein L (2000) Aboriginal land rights in Australia, Native Title Research Unit, AustralianInstitute of Aborigi nal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, Canberra.

Whale Rider essays

Whale Rider essays The film Whale Rider by Niki Caro, is a popular film highly rated among many critics across the globe. It has been nominated for many prestigious awards including Best Actress. Set on the east coast of New Zealand, the Whangara people believe their presence there dates back one thousand years or more to a single ancestor, Paikea, who escaped death when his canoe capsized by riding to shore on the back of a whale. From then on, Whangara chiefs, always the first-born, always male, have been considered Paikea's direct descendants. Pai, an 11-year-old girl in a patriarchal New Zealand tribe, believes she is destined to be the new chief. But her grandfather Koro is bound by tradition to pick a male leader. Pai loves Koro more than anyone in the world, but she must fight him and a thousand years of tradition to fulfil her destiny. When Koro decided to find a new leader in the young Whangara boys, Pai is denied the rite to sit at the front of the class and as a result of her refusal to mov e is asked to leave the teachings. With the help of her uncle she learns in the traditional ways and goes on to show Koro that she too can be great, that she too can inspire those around her, and that she too is capable of proudly carrying the family name. In this film many serious issues are addressed. The changing role of women, importance of cultural identity and generational differences are some of the main issues that are dealt with in Whale Rider. The novel Whale Rider was written in a time of great change for women and the issues of the 1980s are still present today. This was a period in which women were just beginning to be truly accepted into the workforce; Maternity leave pay was granted and people were demanding that there be equal number of men and women in high positions in the workforce and other traditionally male dominated areas. Being extremely close to the print text in many ways, the film Whale Rider has addressed the issue of wo...

Characteristics that Make a Successful Negotiator

Characteristics that Make a Successful Negotiator Negotiation remains a critical element in leadership and management. The concept of negotiation has occupied the realms of leadership because it is the core for a formidable and plausible leader (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010). However, questions have arisen as to what constitutes a good negotiator. Therefore, the paper examines some of the basic features that define a good negotiator.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Characteristics that Make a Successful Negotiator specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Patience. Patience is a critical item required for a negotiator. Patience refers to the ability of an individual to bear with situations perceived such as causing anxiety. In a negotiation process, parties in a dispute or any course seeking to reach consensus, must be able to bear with each other in order to accomplish a certain negotiation process deemed tough. The primary intention is to ensure agreement between parti es involved in negotiation. For mutuality to prevail, one or both parties must bear qualities of persuasion to reach the end of an agreement. When the element of persuasion lacks in an individual acting as a negotiator, such negotiation may fail or take long to deliver the results (Ghauri Usunier, 2003). The ability to bear and handle pressure. Some negotiation processes and environments are inherently pressure-oriented. In order to ensure coherence and smooth transition toward the intended agreement, a negotiator should have the ability to bear with mounting pressure from the competing parties (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010). In cases where a negotiating individual lacks this basic element, he or she is likely to succumb to the opposing forces in a negotiation. Assertiveness and controlled authority. It is essential to be assertive to ensure that the counterparts acknowledge your ability to voice your views and opinions freely and authoritatively. However, authority in this cas e does not imply the use of force in making opinions, but rather the ability to pinpoint issues without fear nor favor (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010). Assertiveness brings with itself the ability to convince people because one positions his or her statements from a factual base, hence, he or she might end up winning in the impending process.Advertising Looking for essay on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Good listening skills. It is fundamental to the one engaging in a negotiation to exhibit qualities of good listening. Negotiation takes place in a communication process. Therefore, a negotiator must portray good listening skills in order to comprehend and synthesize the opposing views of the opposite party (Ghauri Usunier, 2003). The inability to exhibit this quality is ineffective in respect to providing valid relevant responses aimed at convincing the opposite party. Open mindedness. This refers to the ability of an individual to accommodate various situations, views and opposing opinions arising out of a negotiation process. This element ensures that a person assesses various situations with a clear mind without being inclined to a particular position (Ghauri Usunier, 2003). He or she can then evaluate the alternatives while positioning him or herself on a platform worth in the sense of utilizing various ends to derive the best-of-breed alternative capable of winning in the negotiation process. Finally, an excellent negotiator has a wide scope of knowledge concerning the aspects of negotiation. The ability to demonstrate understanding can effectively melt the minds of the counterparts through factual representation of the material elements leading to the negotiation. Therefore, an individual with little or no grasp of ideas will always lack creative moves to sustain an argument or to foster agreement from the counterparts (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010). Th e ability to demonstrate knowledge about the issues in a negotiation can serve to act as a neutralizer of the counterpart’s argument or point of view. References Burt, D. N., Petcavage, S. D., Pinkerton, R. L. (2010). Supply management. Boston: McGraw Hill.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Characteristics that Make a Successful Negotiator specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ghauri, P. N., Usunier, J. (2003). International business negotiations. New York, NY: Emerald Group Publishing.